How to Build Cube Shelving

Cube shelving is a versatile and stylish solution for home organization and decor, capable of transforming any room with its simple yet functional design. These shelving units, characterized by their modular and square-shaped compartments, can be configured in numerous ways to fit various spaces and needs. Whether used to display books, showcase decorative items, or provide additional storage, cube shelving offers endless possibilities for customization and practicality. They are particularly well-suited for modern and minimalist interiors but can easily be adapted to complement any decor style.

Embarking on a DIY journey to build cube shelving allows for a tailored and budget-friendly piece of furniture and brings a sense of accomplishment and creativity. Learning how to build cube shelving enables homeowners to personalize their storage solutions according to their specific preferences and spatial requirements.

The DIY process involves several rewarding steps, from planning and designing to selecting materials and finally constructing and finishing the unit. Besides saving money, crafting your own cube shelving ensures each piece achieves a perfect blend of aesthetic appeal and functionality, catering precisely to your unique home environment.

Planning and Designing

Determining the Size and Dimensions of The Cube Shelving Unit:

The first step in planning your cube shelving project involves deciding on the size and dimensions of the unit. Start by measuring the space where you intend to place the shelving. This will help you determine the maximum height, width, and depth that the unit can occupy. Consider the size of the individual cubes as well, keeping in mind what items you plan to store or display in them. Standard cube dimensions range from 12×12 inches to 15×15 inches, but you can adjust these measurements to suit your needs.

Sketching or Using Design Software to Visualise the Layout and Configuration:

Once you have your measurements, create a rough sketch of your shelving unit. You can do this on paper or use design software such as SketchUp for a more precise representation. Sketching helps you visualize the overall layout, including the number of cubes, their arrangement, and any additional features you might want to incorporate, such as drawers or doors. Pay attention to the alignment and spacing between the cubes to ensure a uniform and balanced look.

Considering the Intended Use and Location of The Shelving Unit for Optimal Design:

The design of your cube shelving unit should consider its intended use and location. For instance, if you plan to use it in a living room to display decorative items, you might want to vary the sizes of the cubes to create visual interest. If the shelving is meant for storage in a child’s room, you might choose a lower height for easy access. Additionally, consider the room’s aesthetic and choose design elements that will complement the existing decor. Practical considerations such as the weight capacity of the shelves and ease of assembly should also influence your design decisions.

Thoroughly planning and designing your cube shelving unit will set a strong foundation for the rest of the project. This stage allows you to customize the unit to meet your specific needs and preferences, ensuring that the final product fits perfectly in your space and enhances its functionality and visual appeal.

Choosing Materials

Choosing the right materials is crucial for building a sturdy and aesthetically pleasing cube shelving unit. Various options are available, each with its own set of advantages and considerations.

Options for Cube Shelving Materials

1. Wood: Solid wood is popular for its durability, strength, and natural beauty. Common types of wood used in shelving include pine, oak, and maple. Pine is economical and easy to work with, although it is softer and more prone to dents and scratches. Oak and maple are harder woods that offer greater durability but come at a higher cost.

2. Plywood: Plywood is an engineered wood product made from multiple layers of veneer, providing excellent strength and stability. It is a versatile option that can be easily cut and shaped. Plywood comes in various grades, with an A grade being the highest quality. It often features a smooth, sanded surface free from knots. It is generally more affordable than solid wood and can be finished with paint, stain, or veneer to enhance its appearance.

3. MDF (Medium-Density Fiberboard): MDF is another engineered wood product made from wood fibers and resin, resulting in a dense, uniform board. It is smooth and easy to paint, making it a cost-effective option for achieving a sleek, modern look. However, MDF is heavier than plywood and solid wood and is more susceptible to moisture damage, so it is essential to use it in dry environments and seal it properly.

Considerations for Durability, Cost, and Aesthetic Appeal

When selecting materials, consider the following factors:

Durability: If you anticipate the shelving unit to bear heavy loads or experience frequent use, opt for stronger materials like hardwood or high-grade plywood. These materials will withstand wear and tear better than softer woods or lower-grade plywood.

Cost: Budget constraints are a crucial consideration. MDF and pine are generally the most affordable options, while hardwoods and high-grade plywood can be more expensive. Balance your need for durability with your budget to choose the best material for your project.

Aesthetic Appeal: The appearance of the material will significantly impact the final look of your shelving unit. Solid wood offers a natural, warm aesthetic with visible grain patterns, while plywood and MDF can be finished in a variety of ways to match your decor. Consider painting, staining, or applying a veneer to achieve the desired look.

Selecting Appropriate Hardware

The hardware you choose for assembly is just as important as the material. The right screws, nails, or brackets will ensure that your cube shelving unit is sturdy and secure.

Screws: Wood screws are suitable for joining solid wood and plywood, providing a stronghold. Choose screws with a length that will securely fasten the pieces without protruding through the other side. For MDF, use screws designed specifically for this material to prevent splitting.

Nails: Finishing nails and brad nails are options for attaching trim or molding. They provide a clean, finished look and can be countersunk and filled for a seamless appearance.

Brackets: L-brackets or flat brackets add extra support and stability, particularly for larger units. Use them to reinforce corners or connect multiple units together. Ensure that the brackets are appropriately sized and rated for the weight of your shelving.

By selecting the right materials and hardware, you will lay the groundwork for a durable, functional, and stylish cube shelving unit that meets your needs.

Gathering Tools and Supplies

Building a cube shelving unit requires a selection of essential tools and supplies to ensure the project is completed accurately and efficiently. Proper preparation with the right tools will streamline the building process and contribute to the overall quality of the finished product.

Essential Tools for Building Cube Shelving

1. Saw: A saw is essential for cutting the wood or other materials to the correct dimensions. A circular saw is often the most efficient choice for straight cuts, while a jigsaw can handle curves and more intricate shapes. If you have access to a table saw, it provides more precision for cutting multiple pieces of wood to the same size.
2. Drill: A power drill is necessary for creating pilot holes and driving screws. It is advisable to have a variety of drill bits and screwdriver bits available to accommodate different sizes of screws and fittings.
3. Measuring Tape: Accurate measurements ensure all pieces fit together properly. Use a reliable measuring tape to precisely measure your materials and mark cut lines.
4. Square: A carpenter’s square helps ensure your cuts and assembled pieces are at the right angles, maintaining the structural integrity of your unit.
5. Level: A level ensures that your shelving unit is perfectly horizontal and vertical during assembly, preventing a skewed or unstable final product.

Additional Supplies

1. Sandpaper: Sandpaper is required to smooth the edges and surfaces of your wood. Sanding ensures that the paint or stain applies evenly and the finished product looks polished.
2. Wood Glue: Wood glue provides extra bonding strength between the parts of your shelving. Apply it along with screws or nails to secure the joints firmly.
3. Paint or Stain: Depending on your design preference, you’ll need paint or stain to finish your shelving unit. Choose a high-quality product to ensure durability and a professional appearance. Remember to get brushes or rollers suitable for your paint or stain.
4. Wood Filler: Use wood filler to fill any gaps or imperfections in the wood before painting or staining.

Safety Equipment and Precautions

1. Safety Glasses: Always wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from sawdust, wood chips, and debris while cutting and drilling.
2. Hearing Protection: Tools like saws and drills can be loud, and prolonged exposure can damage your hearing. Use earplugs or earmuffs for protection.
3. Dust Mask: Sanding and cutting create fine dust particles that can be harmful if inhaled. A dust mask or respirator will protect your respiratory system.
4. Gloves: Sturdy gloves protect your hands from splinters, cuts, and the harsh chemicals found in wood glue, paint, and stains.
5. Work Area: Ensure that you are working in a well-ventilated area to disperse fumes from paints or stains. Keep your work area clean and organized to minimize the risk of accidents.

Gathering all necessary tools and supplies and taking appropriate safety precautions will allow you to embark on your cube shelving project confidently and precisely. Preparing in advance will help you avoid interruptions and ensure a smoother building process.

How to Build Cube Shelving Constructing the Cubes

Constructing the cubes is the heart of building your cube shelving unit. Follow these step-by-step instructions to ensure precise cuts, secure assembly, and a polished finish.

Cutting the Materials to the Desired Dimensions

Start by measuring and marking the dimensions for each cube. Standard cube sizes can vary, but a common choice is 12” x 12” x 12”. Mark all your pieces accurately on the wood using your measuring tape and square. For each cube, you will need six pieces: four sides, one top, and one bottom.

Once marked, use your circular saw or table saw to make straight cuts along your lines. If your design includes any curved edges or cut-outs, use a jigsaw for those intricate details. Take extra care to ensure all cuts are perpendicular, as precision is crucial for the cubes to assemble correctly.

Assembling the Cube Frames

With all the pieces cut, you can start assembling the cube frames. Dry fit the pieces first to confirm they fit well together. There are several methods to join the pieces, including butt joints, dowels, or pocket screws.

Butt Joints: Align the edges of the wood pieces and use wood glue and screws to hold them together. This method is simple and effective, but it ensures the screws are long enough to provide strength without piercing through the wood.

Dowels: Use dowels to join the pieces for a more seamless appearance. Drill matching holes in both pieces of wood at the joints, apply wood glue and insert the dowels before pressing the pieces together. Dowels offer a sturdy and clean joint without visible screws.

Pocket Screws: Pocket screws provide strong, hidden joints. Use a pocket hole jig to drill angled holes into the pieces, then drive pocket screws into the holes to secure the wood together. This method is particularly effective for tight-fitting joints and clean aesthetics.

Reinforcing the Corners

To ensure stability, reinforce the corners of each cube with braces or corner brackets. This extra step helps prevent the cube from warping and provides additional support for heavier weights.

Braces: You can use small L-shaped braces to reinforce the interior corners. Position each brace snugly into the corner and use screws to fasten them securely. Make sure that the braces do not protrude or interfere with the placement of other cubes if they will be stacked.

Corner Brackets: Use metal corner brackets for larger cubes or a sturdier build. These provide more substantial support and can maintain structural integrity even under substantial loads. Choose brackets of appropriate size and screw them into the corners.

Sanding the Surfaces

Once the cube structure is assembled and reinforced, it’s important to sand the surfaces. Begin with lower-grit sandpaper to even out any rough cuts or imperfections. Move gradually to a higher-grit sandpaper for a smooth, finished surface. Pay special attention to edges and corners, ensuring no sharp spots could cause injury or affect the alignment when stacking the cubes.

Whether you plan to paint or stain your cubes, sanding is a vital step for achieving a professional look. Sanding helps the paint or stain adhere better, resulting in a smoother and more durable finish.

By following these steps to accurately cut, assemble, reinforce, and smooth your cubes, you’ll create a robust and attractive shelving unit that meets your needs and adds a stylish touch to your space.

How to Build Cube Shelving Joining the Cubes

Connecting the individual cube frames to create a cohesive shelving unit requires careful alignment, secure fastening, and attention to detail. Here’s how to securely join the cubes and ensure a uniform and aesthetically pleasing appearance.

Connecting the Individual Cube Frames

Begin by positioning the cubes in the desired arrangement. Whether you opt for a single column, a double column, or a more complex pattern, lay out the cubes on a flat surface to visualize the final design. Drying the cubes first helps identify any adjustments needed before permanent assembly.

Aligning the Cubes Evenly

Aligning the cubes evenly is crucial to achieving a polished and professional look. Use a level and a straight edge to check the horizontal and vertical alignment. This step ensures the shelving unit stands straight and each cube sits flush with its neighbors. An assistant can be helpful in holding the cubes in place while you make adjustments.

Securing the Cubes Together

Securing the cubes together can be done using screws or nails. If using screws, pre-drill pilot holes to prevent the wood from splitting. Use 2-inch wood screws, inserting them through the sides of the cubes into the adjacent cube’s frame. Drive the screws in slowly, ensuring they are countersunk for a flush finish.

Alternatively, use finishing nails for a cleaner look if you prefer nails. With nails, a nail punch can help sink the heads just below the surface, which can be filled with wood filler and sanded smooth.

Ensuring Proper Spacing

Maintaining proper spacing between the cubes is essential for a uniform appearance. Use spacer blocks or shims to keep consistent gaps between each cube. A typical gap might be 1/8 inch, but this can vary depending on your design preference. Measure the spacing at multiple points along each seam to ensure evenness.

Using Wood Glue for Additional Strength

For added strength and durability, apply wood glue along the edges before securing with screws or nails. The glue provides an extra bond that helps the cubes stay together over time. Apply a thin bead of glue along the edge of one cube before pressing it against the adjoining cube. Be sure to wipe away any excess glue that squeezes out to avoid messy finishes.

Final Verifications

Once all cubes are connected, allow the glue to cure fully as per the manufacturer’s instructions, usually around 24 hours, for maximum strength. Perform a final check with a level to ensure the unit stands straight and make any necessary adjustments. Inspect all joints to confirm they are secure and free of gaps.

You’ll create a sturdy shelving unit by meticulously aligning, spacing, and securing each cube. The careful preparation and execution result in a piece that is not only functional but also a visually appealing addition to any space.

Adding Backing

Installing a back panel or backing board is crucial to stabilizing the shelving unit and enhancing its durability. Backing adds rigidity to the structure, preventing the individual cubes from leaning or shifting over time. It also provides a finished look to the shelving unit, creating a blank canvas for any decorative items stored within the cubes.

Installing a Back Panel or Backing Boards

To install the backing, first measure the total height and width of the shelving unit. Depending on the size, you might need to join multiple pieces of backing material. Lay the backing material flat and mark the measurements, ensuring to account for any cuts or adjustments needed around the edges. After cutting the backing to size, sand the edges to avoid splinters and ensure a smooth fit.

Lay the shelving unit face down on a flat surface for easy installation. Position the cut backing material against the back of the shelving unit, ensuring that it covers all the cubes evenly. Verify that the backing is aligned correctly before securing it.

Options for Backing Materials

There are several options for backing materials, each with its advantages:

• Plywood: Plywood is a popular choice due to its strength and versatility. It comes in various thicknesses, allowing you to choose the right balance between sturdiness and weight. For most shelving units, 1/4 inch to 1/2 inch plywood is sufficient. Plywood can be painted or stained to match the rest of the shelving unit.
• Hardboard: Hardboard, also known as high-density fiberboard (HDF), is a dense, smooth material that provides excellent support. It is thinner than plywood, usually around 1/8 inch, making it lighter and easier to handle. However, it’s less durable than plywood and can be susceptible to moisture damage.
• Beadboard: Beadboard is a decorative option with a classic, textured appearance. It’s ideal for a more finished, cottage-style look. Beadboard panels are typically made from HDF or MDF (medium-density fiberboard) and come in a variety of patterns and thicknesses. Like hardboard, beadboard should be protected from moisture.

Attaching the Backing Securely

To attach the backing securely, use either nails or screws:

• Nails: Finishing nails is a widely used option for attaching backing materials. They provide a clean finish and are easy to drive into the wood. Use 1-inch to 1.25-inch finishing nails, spacing them about 8-12 inches apart along the edges and along any horizontal or vertical supports within the shelving unit. A nail punch can be used to sink the nail heads slightly below the surface, which can then be filled with wood filler and sanded smooth.
• Screws: Screws offer a stronger hold, especially for heavier backing materials like thick plywood. Use wood screws of appropriate length, generally 1 to 1.25 inches, ensuring they penetrate into the framing of the cube structure without protruding through the front. Pre-drill pilot holes to prevent splitting the wood and ensure precise placement. Space the screws similarly to nails, about 8-12 inches apart.

Final Steps

After securing the backing, perform a final alignment check. Ensure all edges are flush and there are no gaps between the backing and the cube frames. Wipe down the entire structure to remove any dust or debris from the installation process. If needed, apply a coat of paint or stain to the backing to match the rest of the shelving unit. Allow everything to dry and cure according to the product instructions before moving the unit to its final location.

Adding sturdy backing to your shelving unit will enhance its stability and longevity while creating a finished, aesthetically pleasing piece that complements any room’s décor.

Finishing Touches

Once the backing has been installed, it’s time to address the final details that will give your shelving unit a polished and professional appearance.

Filling Any Nail Holes or Gaps

Start by examining the shelving unit for any visible nail holes, gaps, or imperfections that need to be filled. Use a high-quality wood filler or putty to fill these areas. For nail holes, apply a small amount of filler or putty with a putty knife, pressing it into the holes and smoothing the surface. For larger gaps, use additional filler and make sure to smooth it to match the surrounding wood. Allow the filler to dry completely according to the manufacturer’s instructions before proceeding.

Sanding the Entire Shelving Unit

After the filler has dried, sand the entire shelving unit to ensure a smooth surface for finishing. Begin with medium-grit sandpaper (around 120 grit) to level out the filled areas and any rough spots. Follow with fine-grit sandpaper (220 grit or higher) to achieve a smooth, even surface. Sand in the direction of the wood grain to avoid scratches and ensure the best result. Wipe down the shelving unit with a tack cloth or a damp rag to remove all sanding dust and debris.

Applying Paint, Stain, or Varnish

With the surface properly prepared, you can apply the finish of your choice. Painting, staining, or varnishing enhances the wood’s appearance and provides protection against wear and tear.

• Painting: If you choose to paint the shelving unit, start with a primer to ensure good adhesion and coverage. After drying the primer, apply the paint in thin, even coats using a brush or roller. Allow each coat to dry thoroughly before applying the next. Depending on the desired finish, two to three coats may be necessary.
• Staining: For a natural wood look, apply a wood stain that matches your design preference. Use a clean cloth or brush to apply the stain, following the direction of the grain. Wipe off any excess stain to prevent uneven coloration. Allow the stain to dry fully before applying a protective clear coat.
• Varnishing: For added protection and a glossy finish, apply a varnish or polyurethane over the paint or stain. Use a high-quality brush to apply thin, even coats, sanding lightly between coats if required. Follow the product instructions for drying times and the number of coats needed.

Adding Decorative Elements

Consider adding decorative elements such as trim, molding, or hardware to give your shelving unit a custom look.

• Trim and Molding: Decorative trim or molding can be added along the edges or at the top and bottom of the shelving unit to provide a more finished look. Measure and cut the trim pieces to fit, then attach them with wood glue and finishing nails. Fill any nail holes with wood filler and sand smooth before painting or staining.
• Hardware: Adding hardware such as knobs, handles, or hooks can enhance the functionality and style of your shelving unit. Choose hardware that complements the overall design and finish of your piece. Install the hardware according to the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring it is securely attached.

These final steps will transform your shelving unit into a beautiful, durable, and functional piece that adds style and practicality to your space. The attention to detail in the finishing touches will ensure that your project is completed to the highest standard.

Conclusion

Building cube shelving units is a rewarding project combining functionality and aesthetic appeal. Throughout this guide, we’ve covered the essential steps on how to build cube shelving units, including measuring and cutting materials, assembling the frame, and installing the shelves. We also discussed important considerations for mounting and stabilizing your unit, ensuring it is both safe and secure. Additionally, we explored various customization options, such as adjusting dimensions, incorporating drawers and dividers, and experimenting with different finishes to suit your individual needs and style.

We encourage you to embark on your own cube shelving project and take advantage of the myriad customization possibilities available. By tailoring the unit to your specific requirements, you can create a storage solution that enhances the organization and elevates any room’s decor. Whether it’s for storing books, displaying decorative items, or keeping everyday essentials within easy reach, a well-built cube shelving unit can transform your living space.

With the knowledge of how to build cube shelving, you have the power to create a practical and stylish addition to your home. Embrace the creativity and satisfaction of building a piece that is uniquely yours, and enjoy the benefits of an organized and elegant storage solution.